發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)是轎車的心臟，其效果是將燃料在汽缸中焚燒時(shí)放出的熱能轉(zhuǎn)變成機(jī)械能，向轎車提供動(dòng)力。
The engine is the heart of a car. Its effect is to convert the heat energy emitted by the fuel burning in the cylinder into mechanical energy to provide power for the car.
發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的核心是汽缸，還有與之相匹配的燃料、進(jìn)氣、排氣、潤(rùn)滑、冷卻等系統(tǒng)。轎車上常用的汽缸是四沖程汽缸。汽缸經(jīng)過進(jìn)氣、緊縮、做功、排氣四個(gè)沖程完結(jié)一個(gè)工作循環(huán)。小轎車上常用的是四缸、六缸、八缸發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。
The core of the engine is the cylinder, as well as the matching fuel, intake, exhaust, lubrication, cooling and other systems. Four-stroke cylinders are commonly used in cars. Cylinder through intake, contraction, work, exhaust four strokes to complete a working cycle. Four-cylinder, six-cylinder and eight-cylinder engines are commonly used in cars.
汽（柴）油在進(jìn)入汽缸前先與空氣混合，再經(jīng)過噴油咀和進(jìn)氣閥進(jìn)入汽缸，做功行程完結(jié)后的廢氣經(jīng)過排氣閥排出發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，再經(jīng)過尾氣凈化裝置進(jìn)入大氣。發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)輸出的動(dòng)力則經(jīng)過曲軸連桿、變速箱等傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)傳遞到車輪。
Steam (diesel) oil is mixed with air before entering the cylinder, and then enters the cylinder through the injection nozzle and the intake valve. After the completion of the work stroke, the exhaust gas is discharged from the engine through the exhaust valve, and then enters the atmosphere through the exhaust gas purification device. The output power of the engine is transmitted to the wheels through crankshaft connecting rods, gearbox and other transmission systems.
發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力下降由三個(gè)原因形成：
The engine power decline is caused by three reasons:
一是轎車設(shè)計(jì)制作水平的限制，
First, the level of car design and production is limited.
二是燃油品質(zhì)差對(duì)機(jī)動(dòng)車的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)焚燒系統(tǒng)形成污染，
Secondly, poor fuel quality pollutes the engine burning system of motor vehicles.
三是忽略了污染后的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的徹底治愈。這些因素的效果，導(dǎo)致轎車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)功率降低，焚燒霧化不完全、不充分，終發(fā)生了尾氣污染。
Third, it neglects the thorough cure of the polluted engine. The effect of these factors leads to the reduction of car engine power, incomplete and insufficient atomization of incineration, and eventually exhaust pollution.
發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)焚燒做功不可避免地要在污染發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)內(nèi)部發(fā)生沉積物，形成汽油噴發(fā)變形，霧化不良，油耗添加，排放惡化，動(dòng)力下降。
Engine incineration work inevitably results in sediment contamination inside the engine, resulting in gasoline eruption deformation, poor atomization, fuel consumption, Emission Deterioration and power decline.
化油器積碳：使各油道、主量孔、怠速油量孔阻塞，使節(jié)氣門的開度無法精確控制到位，影響化油器正常供油。
Carburetor Carbon Deposition: Blockage of oil channels, main measuring holes and idling oil measuring holes makes throttle opening unable to be accurately controlled and affects normal fuel supply of carburetor.
噴油嘴積碳：在噴油嘴頂部即針閥和金屬孔表面的積碳，使噴油嘴通道阻塞，汽油噴發(fā)變形，汽油霧化差。
Carbon deposit in nozzle: Carbon deposit on the top of nozzle, i.e. needle valve and metal hole surface, blocked nozzle passage, deformed gasoline injection and poor gasoline atomization.
進(jìn)油道、進(jìn)氣閥上沉積物發(fā)生節(jié)流效果，降低了大功率，吸收噴發(fā)的汽油，擾亂了空燃比的控制，油耗添加，排放惡化；
The sediment on the intake port and intake valve has throttling effect, reduces the maximum power, absorbs the gasoline, disturbs the control of air-fuel ratio, adds fuel consumption and deteriorates emissions.
焚燒室的沉積物在形成比面容失調(diào)，表面焚燒續(xù)走，使焚燒室有效空間減少，緊縮比逐步添加，導(dǎo)致正常使用的車用汽油標(biāo)號(hào)不匹配，對(duì)辛烷值要求進(jìn)步，排放惡化；
The sediment in the incineration chamber is in the form of specific volume imbalance, surface incineration continues, which reduces the effective space of the incineration chamber and gradually adds the contraction ratio, resulting in the mismatch of normal vehicle gasoline labels, the improvement of octane number requirements and the deterioration of emissions.
焚燒室內(nèi)的積碳在汽缸套空隙往復(fù)運(yùn)行時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)生研磨，加速發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)磨損，使?jié)櫥突几追贌?，駕駛功能變差，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)功率下降，油耗添加，排放惡化。嚴(yán)重時(shí)還會(huì)發(fā)生暴震和積碳阻塞油路，形成發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)事端。
Carbon deposits in the incineration chamber will occur grinding when the cylinder liner gap is reciprocating, accelerating engine wear and tear, making the lubricant cylinder burn, driving function worse, engine power decline, fuel consumption addition and emission deterioration. Severe shocks and carbon deposits can also occur to block the oil pipeline, forming engine incidents.
其成果都是增大油耗，降低功率，焚燒不完全，排放添加，縮短發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)使用壽命，乃至損壞整個(gè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。
Its results are to increase fuel consumption, reduce power, incomplete incineration, emission addition, shorten the life of the engine, and even damage the whole engine.
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